Network Programmability with YANG: The Structure of Network Automation with YANG, NETCONF, RESTCONF, and gNMI

Cisco has gone all-in on model-driven management across all major operating systems. Modern versions of IOS-XE, IOS-XR, and NX-OS all support YANG-powered NETCONF with IOS-XE and NX-OS also supporting RESTCONF and IOS-XR supporting gNMI. Moreover, in addition to pushing configuration changes and pulling config and operational state via model-driven protocols, these same platforms support streaming telemetry based on the same YANG data models. The promises of model-driven management with model-driven telemetry include more reliable and scalable configuration changes, real-time collection of operational data, and a true programmatic interface without the need to do any screen-scraping.

So how do you, as a customer, get started with this model-driven paradigm to network programmability? How do you determine the right YANG modules to use to perform your configuration tasks and collect your network telemetry? How do you learn the nuances of the various YANG-powered protocols? If you’re an operator who is designing service-level modules to be consumed by you or your customers how do you learn how to create, test, and deploy structurally valid and elegant YANG data models?

“Network Programmability with YANG” is the definitive reference to help you navigate the sea of model-driven management and automation. It introduces YANG as a data modeling languags, describes the protocols based on it, and explores the advantages one gets by embracing this paradigm. The book goes on to describe the syntax of YANG modules and how to write clean, descriptive, and well-performing modules of your own. Attention is paid to helping you find the right YANG modules to solve your problems, as well as showing you tools to make using them in your own applications much easier. Finally, each chapter concludes with an interview of industry experts and operators that have already started to walk down the path of model-drive management to give you words of wisdom and expert perspectives to make your journey as successful as possible.

Description

Today, networks must evolve and scale faster than ever. You can’t manage everything by hand anymore: You need to automate relentlessly. YANG, along with the NETCONF, RESTCONF, or gRPC/gNMI protocols, is the most practical solution, but most implementers have had to learn by trial and error. Now, Network Programmability with YANG gives you complete and reliable guidance for unlocking the full power of network automation using model-driven APIs and protocols. Authored by three YANG pioneers, this plain-spoken book guides you through successfully applying software practices based on YANG data models. The authors focus on the network operations layer, emphasizing model-driven APIs, and underlying transports. Whether you’re a network operator, DevOps engineer, software developer, orchestration engineer, NMS/OSS architect, service engineer, or manager, this guide can help you dramatically improve value, agility, and manageability throughout your network.

• Discover the value of implementing YANG and Data Model-Driven Management in your network
• Explore the layers and components of a complete working solution
• Build a business case where value increases as your solution grows
• Drill down into transport protocols: NETCONF, RESTCONF, and gNMI/gRPC
• See how telemetry can establish a valuable automated feedback loop
• Find data models you can build on, and evaluate models with similar functionality
• Understand models, metadata, and tools from several viewpoints: architect, operator, module author, and application developer
• Walk through a complete automation journey: business case, service model, service implementation, device integration, and operation
• Leverage the authors’ experience to design successful YANG models and avoid pitfalls

Reference: http://www.informit.com/store/network-programmability-with-yang-the-structure-of-9780135180396

Table of Contents

Introduction xxii
1 The Network Management World Must Change: Why Should You Care? 2
   Introduction 2
   The Industry Has Changed: What Are the Trends? 6
   Existing Network Management Practices and Related Limitations 24
   Data Modeling Is Key for Automation 39
   Interview with the Experts 48
   Summary 52
   References in This Chapter 53
   Endnotes 53
2 Data Model—Driven Management 56
   The Beginning: A New Set of Requirements 56
   Network Management Is Dead, Long Live Network Management 59
   YANG: The Data Modeling Language 61
   The Management Architecture 69
   Data Model—Driven Management Components 70
   The Encoding (Protocol Binding and Serialization) 74
   The Server Architecture: Datastore 77
   The Protocols 78
   The Programming Language 85
   Telemetry 86
   The Bigger Picture: Using NETCONF to Manage a Network 86
   Interview with the Experts 91
   Summary 93
   References in This Chapter 93
   Endnotes 94
3 YANG Explained 96
   Introduction 96
   Describe Your World of Data 96
   Describing Possible Events 113
   Separating Configuration from Operational Data 117
   Constraints Keep Things Meaningful 122
   Augmenting, Extending, and Possibly Deviating 142
   Network Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA) 149
   Interview with the Expert 154
   Summary 156
   References in This Chapter 157
4 NETCONF, RESTCONF, and gNMI Explained 158
   Introduction 158
   NETCONF 158
   RESTCONF 190
   OpenConfig and gNMI 214
   Interview with the Expert 225
   Summary 227
   References in This Chapter 227
5 Telemetry Explained 230
   Introduction 230
   Data Model—Driven Telemetry 230
   Moving Away from SNMP to Telemetry 232
   Telemetry Use Cases 235
   Telemetry Components 236
   Telemetry Standard Mechanisms 242
   Interview with the Experts 249
   Summary 252
   References in This Chapter 253
   Endnotes 253
6 YANG Data Modeling Developments in the Industry 256
   Introduction 256
   The Beginning: The IETF 256
   Embracing YANG Throughout the Industry 263
   The OpenConfig YANG Model 268
   Industry Coordination Is Required 270
   Interoperability Testing 272
   Implementing More Than One YANG Model for a Specific Functionality 274
   Interview with the Expert 275
   Summary 278
   References in This Chapter 279
   Endnotes 279
7 Automation Is as Good as the Data Models, Their Related
   Metadata, and the Tools: For the Network Architect and Operator 282
   Introduction 282
   Getting to Know the Structure of a YANG Module 283
   Finding the Right Modules Using the YANG Catalog 287
   Interacting with Devices 299
   Interview with the Experts 331
   Summary 335
   Endnotes 335
8 Automation Is as Good as the Data Models,
   Their Related Metadata, and the Tools: For the Module Author 336
   Introduction 336
   Designing Modules 336
   Understanding Your Module’s Impact 349
   Interview with the Expert 350
   Summary 352
   Endnotes 352
9 Automation Is as Good as the Data Models, Their Related Metadata, and the Tools: For the Application Developer 354
   Introduction 354
   Working with YANG Modules 355
   Interacting with the Network 366
   Making YANG Language Native 373
   Interview with the Expert 380
   Summary 381
   Endnotes 382
10 Using NETCONF and YANG 384
   Introduction 384
   So the Story Goes 385
   Top-Down Service Model 386
   Bottom-Up Device Templates 392
   Service Logic Connecting the Dots 394
   Setting Up NETCONF on a Device 398
   Discovering What’s on a Device 400
   Managing Services 405
   Manager Synchronization with Devices 413
   Network-Wide Transactions 417
   Interview with the Experts 425
   Summary 428
11 YANG Model Design 430
   Introduction 430
   Modeling Strategy 430
   YANG Modeling Tips 433
   Common YANG Mistakes 443
   Backward Compatibility 457
   Interview with the Experts 460
   Summary 462
   References in This Chapter 463

The post Network Programmability with YANG: The Structure of Network Automation with YANG, NETCONF, RESTCONF, and gNMI appeared first on Cisco Blogs.

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